Safety razor



March 31, 1931. M. B. BEHRMAN SAFETY RAZOR Filed Dec. 23, 1927 Pat entedMar. 31, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MARCUS B. IBEHRMAN, OFBROOKLYN, NEW YORK, AS SIGNOR T AMERICA N SAFETY RAZOR CORPORATION, OFBROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A. CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA SAFETY RAZOR Applicationfiled December 23, 1927. Serial No. 242,073.

My present invention relates generally to razors and to blades therefor,and is directed to an arrangement whereby the blade can be associatedwith the razor so as to have the shaving edge always in thatpredetermined positional relationship with reference to the guards atwhich the maximum eflicient shaving action is obtainable, and moreparticularly to such an arrangement in connection with a double-edgeblade of the wafer type.

It is a well-recognized fact that where a razor is constructed to havethe cutting edge positioned along a certain line across the guard, thatany deviation from this position will affect the shaving operation. Forexample, if the edge of the blade is too far forward the safety factorof the razor will be minimized, if not eliminated, and cutting andslashing of the face result, and, on the other hand, if the shaving edgeis positioned to the rear of this line the shaving efliciency will bematerially reduced and the shaving action not effective. In fact, I havefound by actual experiment that a positional error which results in thecutting edge being as little as .002 inches to the rear of the linealong which maximum efficiency is obtainable, will cause the blade to bedefective in its operation, regardless of how perfect a cutting edge mayhave been given to that blade. Where complaints by users are made thatone blade of a given manufacturer shaves well, whereas a second blade bythe same manufacturer shaves poorly, it will be found that theinefficiency of certain blades is due not to the character of theshaving edge but to the fact that this edge is not at the predeterminedline intended for that particular razor.

In a razor of-the type wherein a doubleedged wafer type blade isemployed, and

wherein the relation of the cutting edges with reference 'to the guardsis predetermined by means of pins on the razor saddle, these pinsengaging through holes in the blade intermediate the cutting edges, thefollowing sources of error will necessarily arise: 1)

The stamping operation may create an error in the dimension of the bladefrom edge to edge, or in the position of the holes which 59 should beexactly equidistant between .these two edges. (2) Even if the punchingand stamping operations of the blanks are as sumed tobe entirelyaccurate, so as to provide absolutely uniform blanks provided with holesabsolutely uniformly punched and positioned, it is a wellknown fact thatin the processing of the edges to convert them into cutting edges,errors will necessarily arise. That is, the amount of material taken offone edge in the processing may not be the same as the amount of materialtaken off the opposite edge; and the amount of material taken off anedge of one blank may not be the same as the amount of material takenoff the edge of a different blank. Even assuming, there-- fore,"that inthe punching operation the holes are accurately positioned, there is noassurance thatthe cutting edges of the completed blade will positionthemselves along the pre-' determined line of maximum efficiency. Infact, actual tests of blades on the market show a variation between theposition of edges of different blades with reference to thispredetermined line of maximum efficiency as high as .011 inches; andit'is to be noted that a cutting edge'which falls short of this line ofmaximum efliciency by a. factor only as high as .008inches will be foundto be absolutely inefficient for shaving purposes.

In single-edged razors of the type illustrated by the Eveready and theGemi, these errors of manufacture are eliminated as factors in theproper location of the blade by providing blade stops in associationwith the guard edge which predetermine the proper positioning of thecutting edge along that line which results in maximum shavingefficiency. Patent No. 1,488,907 exemplifies this arrangement, whereinsprings or similar elements engaging the unsharpened rear edge of theblade serve to hold the extreme outer portions of the cutting edge incontact with these blade stops.

While an arrangement of the foregoing character results in perfectlocation of the single-edged blade when the razor is first used, I havefound that continual use frequently results in the tendency-of thecutting edge, when forced against the blade stops, to cut into thesestops, and therefore to some extent permits the blade to advanceslightly beyond the aforementioned line of maximum efliciency.-Furthermore, the employment .of what I might term the Evereadyprinciple, i. e., the engagement of the cutting edge by front bladestops and the engagement of the unsharpened edge by blade-advancingmembers, presents new problems where it is desired to employ adoubleedged blade, for the reason that the engagement by spring membersor the like with a sharpened edge, as in Patent No. 1,488,907 willnecessarily affect that cutting edge adversely.

Furthermore, in the employment of the socalled Eveready principle, thereare other important factors which must be considered, among which arethe following: (1) The effective length of the shaving edge must not bematerially reduced. (2) The shaving edge when brought up against thefront blade stops must be properly aligned so as to be parallel to andin fact coincident with the aforementioned theoretical line of maximumefficiency. (3) The blade must be properly centered.

Among the more important objects of my invention therefore are; theprovision in a razor adapted to receive a double-edge blade, of bladepositioning means which eliminates as factorsany errors arising in themanufacture of the blade; the provision'of front stop blade-positioningmeans of a character which minimizes the tendency of the sharpened edgeto affect such means; the provision of a front stop for the blade whichreduces the effective length of the cutting edge to a lesser degree thanhitherto; the provision of an arrangement whereby the so-called Evereadyprinciple may be efliciently employed 'with a double-edged blade; andthe provision of means in a razor wherein the blade is automaticallyforced forward against stops, for properly positioning and centering theblade.

It is another object of my invention to provide means for centering theblade as it is moved into engagement with the front stops,,ancl in theembodiment herein disclosed I accomplish this result by making the frontstops in the form of angularly positioned members, one portion of whichengages the shaving edge and the other portion of which is arranged soas to be adjacent to, although it need not necessarily engage, portionsof the sides adjacent said shaving edge. This arrangement accomplishesthe further result of enabling me to use shorter front stops.

Another object of my invention is the provision of an arrangement forpreliminarily locating the blade, i'. e., of an arrangement by which theblade'when preliminarily dropped on the seat will be in that approximateposition which lends itself to a ready and final adjustment of the bladeto its final position against the stops. In the specific embodiseat.

ment of the invention herein illustrated, this takes the form of pins onthe blade seat to engage through openings in the razor blade, the pinsand the openings being so dimensioned and related that the blade can begiven a movement toward the front stops without the presence of the pinsinterfering with such movement.

The front stop arrangement, i. e., the predetermined positioning of ablade by the engagement of its shaving edge with front stops, in theembodiment herein illustrated only serves merely as a front stop anddoes not assist directly in holding the blade down upon its seat andagainst upward movement from its seat, and it is another object of myinvention to provide an arrangement whereby there is associated with thefront stops means tending to prevent the blade from accidentally risingfrom the seat. In the embodiment herein illustrated, I accomplish thisresult by undercutting the pins which preliminarily locate the blade sothat after the blade has been dropped over the pins, the blade as itmoves down toward the front stops will engage this undercut part of theins and will thus be prevented from rising rom the More particularly, itis an object to provide a device embodying the features exemplifiedhereinbefore in combination with a razor device'of the general characterand advantages characteristic of that disclosed by me in my copendingapplication Serial No. 219,207.

In accordance with the embodiment of my invention herein illustrated,the blade which I employ has opposite cutting edges and side edges whichconverge toward each cutting edge, the blade being symmetrical about anaxis parallel to the cutting edges, thereby rendering it reversible. Theblade is provided with holes therethrough.

The razor of the embodiment illustrated comprises a base or saddlemember having a guard at one edge. Positioned at each extreme end of theguard are upstanding portions which serve as front stops, as in theaforementioned Patent No. 1,488,907. Extending angularly from each ofthese front stops and substantially in parallelism with the adjacentconverging side edges of the blade are extensions of Y the front stops.These extensions not only cooperate in some respects with the frontstops in their function as such, but also serve additionally to buttressor reinforce-these front stops and thus permit of the length of thesefront stops being reduced to a minimum.' One of the primary functions,however, of these angular portions is to assist in assembling the blade.

Extending upwardly from the base or saddle of the razor are pins adaptedto cooperate with the holes or openings in. the blade,

and which pins serve as preliminary locatingmeans. The pins and theopenings are so dimensioned and constructed that the pins will notinterfere with the free movement of the blade to engagement with thefront stops. This can be accomplished in a number of ways. In theembodiment illustrated herein, it is shown as being accomplished bymaking the hole larger than the pin. By undercutting the pin I furtheraccomplish the result not only of permitting an increased movement ofthe blade with reference to the pins but also permitting of the bladebeing caught in the undercut as it moves down toward the front stops, soas to assist in holding the blade down upon its seat. The razor isfurther provided with a clamping member which is illustrated as pivotedto the base or seat. This clamping or cover member is provided withmembers or flanges arranged and constructed so as to engage thosediverging side edges which are remote from the shaving edge in positionagainst the front stops and which are adjacent/the shaving edge which isinactive to apply a forward centering push upon the blade in thedirection of and against the stop. The clamp ng member is held inclamping engagement with the blade on its seat by means of a threadedmember which engages through the base and is threaded into the clampingmember.

While the razor holder and the razor blade herein to be fullyillustrated and described each presents certain inherent advantages ofits own, yet the efficiency of the razor will be at its maximum when ablade is used therewith which is of a character intended to beassociated therewith and herein disclosed. It is accordingly one of theobjects of the pressent invention, in order that the razor may be usedmost efiectively, to construct the razor in such a manner that only thattype of blade is usable therewith which is herein disclosed and whichresults in that efiiciency.

For the attainment of the foregoing objects and such other objects asmay hereinafter appear or be pointed out, I have constructed a deviceembodying the features of my invention and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of acomplete razor device embodying the features of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the upper portion thereof showing the coverthrown ofi the blade seat;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken in the same direction as Figure 2with the cover closed;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of Figure 2: and

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 with the cover closed and a portionthereof broken away to disclose the blade upon the seat.

The razor holder illustrated is of the same general character as thatillustrated and described by me in my co-pending application Serial No.219,207; Briefly, it comprises a handle 10, a blade seat 11, a base 12,a cover 13, and a sleeve 14 serving to'retain the handle 10 in permanentassociation with the base 12 while still permitting adjustment thereof.

More particularly, it will be noted that the rear edge 15 of the bladeseat 11 is positioned toward one side of the axis of the handle 10, thatthe upper surface 16 of the base 12 extends downwardly and rearwardlyfrom the rear edge 15 of the seat 11, and that a recess 17 is providedin the surface 16, said recess having an opening through its base inaxial alignment with the handle 10. The cover 13 is pivoted to the base12 along an axis 18 at the bottom of the surface 16. The cover isadapted to swing from the rearward position of Figure 2 upwardly ontothe seat 11 as shown in Figure 3; and the cover is provided with aninternally threaded lug 19 which po sitions itself in the recess 17 whenthe cover is closed. The handle 10 is adjustable up and down in thesleeve 14 asis clearly indicated by a comparision of Figures 1 and 2.The handle 10 is freely rotatable in the sleeve 14, and is provided atits upper end with an externally threaded portion 20 adapted toengagewithin the threaded lug 19 when the cover is closed. I

The construction which permits this adjustment of the handle 10 is shownmost clearly in Figure 3 wherein it will be noted that 20 and of adiameter substantially equal to i that of the bore 22 a portion 28underneath the portion 27 and substantially equal in diameter to that ofthe bore 23; and a portion 29 immediately beneath the portion 28 andsubstantially equal in diameter to the bore.

24. The length of the bore 28 is such that the handle ders 25 and 26.

Referring now to Figures 4 and 5, it will I be noted that the covercomprises a lower portion 30 adapted to overlie the surface 16 when thecover is closed; and a main portion 31 adapted to overlie the seat 11when the cover is closed. Flanges 32 extend along the opposite edges ofthe cover and are adapted to enclose the opposite edges of the seat 11and the surface 16 when the cover is closed so as to complete theenclosure of the accommodated blade and also to enhance the generalappearance of the device.

may be moved up and down in' the sleeve 14 between limits set by theshoullit! The seat 11 is provided with the usual front guard edge 33 andat opposite ends thereof I have provided blade stops which define theproper predetermined line which the cutting edge of a blade must assumewith respect to the guard edge 33 in order to achieve maximum shavingefficiency. Each blade stop comprises a portion 34 substantiallyparallel to the cutting edge of a blade and an obliquely rearwardlyextending portion 35. Vhen the cover is closed, the portion 35 alignsitself with the forward portion of the flange 32 as shown in Figure 5.

The blade 36 which I have shown in association with the holder is awafer-type blade of comparatively small width. It includes the oppositecutting edges 37 and 38, the edge 37 being shown in operativerelationship with respect to the guard edge 33. The side edges .39 ofthe blade are beveled to provide the side portions 40 which convergetoward the cutting edge 38 and the side portions 41 which convergetoward the cutting edge 37. The stops 34 and 35 are designed tocooperate with the forward portion of the blade 36 so as to limit itsadvance over the guard edge 33. More particularly, the blade steps 34serve as abutments for the extreme ends of the edge 37, and the portions35 are engageable by the bevels 41 adjacent to the edge 37.

The provision of blade stops in combination with a blade of thecharacter illustrated results in an extremely efficient construction.Not only may the portions 34 be made considerably smaller than theywould have to be made if the portions 35 were absent, but any cuttinginto the portions 34 after continued use of the device is rendered high-1y improbable. On the other hand, the portions 35 have their utilityenhanced b the provision at the ends thereof of the aligned portions 34.In other words, although the portions 34 and 35 may well serve theirfunctions independently of one another, nevertheless it will beunderstood that they mutually serve to increase each others utility andefficiency.

The opposed surfaces 42 of the flanges 32 at the rear of the coverportion 31 are shaped to provide shoulders which serve as bladeadvancingmembers when the cover is closed. More particularly, the shoulders 42are obliquely arranged with respect to each other, so that when thecover is closed, they will bear directly against the beveled sides 40and thereby force the blade forwardly against the stops. Vhen this isaccomplished, the

blade is held in a firm and secure manner as clearly shown in Figure 5.Not only do the shoulders 42 serve to advance the blade, but they serveto center it, and this centering of the blade is enhanced by thecentering effect of the stops 35.

To further increase the facility with which the device may be used Ihave provided means for preliminarily locating the blade upon the seatin approximate position. More particularly, I have provided a pair ofpins 43 arranged in upstanding position upon the seat 11, and preferablyalong a line substantially parallel to the guard edge 33. In theillustrated pins, that portion of each pin which is directed toward therear is provided with an undercut 44, although this is not necessarilyessential. The blade 36 is provided with a set of apertures or openings45 which are slightly larger than the pins 43. By applying the blade tothe seat with the openings 45 passed over the pins 43, the blade ispreliminarily located upon the seat in the approximate position shown inFigure 4, and it is also partially secured to the seat. Accordingly,there is hardly any likelihood of the blade slipping off the seat, forif the seat is inclined, the walls of the openings 45 will encounter thewalls of the pins 43. This is particularly true if the seat is inclinedforwardly, i. e., toward the guard edge 33, for in such an event, thewalls of the openings 45 will slip into the undercuts in the pins 43.

It will be clearly understood that the engagement between the pins 43and the openings 45 is a loose engagement. It serves merely to retainthe blade in approximate preliminary position and serves no functionfrom the standpoint of positioning the cutting edge 37 along the propertheoretical line with respect to the guard edge 33. Nor does theengagement between the pins 43 and the openings 45 interfere with theproper functioning of the device in accordance with the Evereadyprinciple. When the cover is closed and the blade advanced along theseat so as to force the cutting ed e against the stops, the pins 43offer no inter erence. For this reason, it will be obvious that theefficiency of operation is wholly independent of the accurate locationof the openings 45 in the blade blank.

In view of the foregoing reference to the pin-opening engagement, itwill be understood that the pins may be variably positioned, and alsovariably constructed. For example, they may be set at an incline, theymay be undercut around their entire peripheries, or they may be made tofit snugly into the openings 45 but at the same time freely movable withrespect to the seat 11.

The operation of the device need hardly be described in detail. Thecover is retained in closed position by the engagement of the threadedportion 20 and the lug 19. When in this position, the inoperative edge38 of the blade is wholly enclosed and efficiently protected. When thecover is thrown back, the entire seat is exposed, and the application orremoval therefrom of a blade is an extremely simple operation. Bladeswhich are symmetrical about an axis parallel to the cutting edges arepreferably employed although certain of the phases of my invention liddo not necessitate such symmetry. Where the blade is symmetrical, asillustrated, it may be reversed so as to employ the edge 38 instead ofthe edge 37 Upon such reversal, the bladeadvancing means 42 will engagethe bowels 41, and the bevels 40 will cooperate with the stops 35. Inany and every event, the selected cutting edge will be properlypositioned so that maximum shaving efl'iciency will be obtained.

It will thus be seen that I have in a simple manner solved the numerousproblems hereinbefore referred to, and have provided a device which isnot only simple to manufacture and use but uniformly eflicient infulfillin its shaving functions.

t will be obvious that changes may be made in the details hereindescribed and illus trated for the purpose of explaining the nature ofmy invention by those skilled in the art without departing from thespirit and scope oi. the invention as expressed in the appended claims.it is therefore intended that these details be interpreted asillustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what llclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. llncombination with a double-edged water type blade, a razor having a bladeseat provided with a guard edge, blade stops associated with said guardedge and defining a predetermined proper positional relationship of theblade with respect to said edge, means co-operable with a midportion ofthe blade for preliminarily locating and partially securing the blade inapproximate position upon the seat, and means for advancing the bladeagainst the stops.

2. lln combination with a double-edged water type blade, a razor havinga blade seat provided with a guard edge, blade stops asso ciated withsaid guard edge and defining a predetermined proper positionalrelationship of the blade with respect to said edge, means co-operablewith a midportion of the blade for preliminarily locating and partiallysecuring the blade in approximate position upon the seat, and means(lo-operable with an unsharpened portion of the blade for advancing theblade against said stops;

3. lln combination with an apertured wafer type blade, a razor having ablade seat provided with a ard edge and stops defining a predeterminedproper positional relationship of the blade with respect to said edge, apin loosely extending through said aperture for preliminarily locatingand partially securing the blade in approximate position upon the seat,and means for advancing the blade with respect to said guard edge andsaid pin and against said stops.

1-. ln combination with an apertured double-ed ed wafer type blade,amazor hav ing a blad e seat provided with a guard edge, blade stopsassociated with said guard edge and defining a predetermined properpositional relationshi of the blade with respect to said edge, a pinextending through said aperture for preliminarily locating and partiallysecuring the blade in approximate position upon the seat, and meansoperable upon an unsharpened portion of the blade for advancing thelatter against said stops.

5. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having a guard edge,means for advancing the blade along said seat, and beveled portions,associated with the guard edge and co-operable with said beveled sideedges to center the blade, and blade stops encounterable by the extremeends of said front blade edge.

6. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having a guard edge,means cooperable with a midportion of the blade for preliminarilylocating and partially securing the blade in approximate position uponthe seat, means for advancing the blade along said seat after it hasbeen preliminarily located and partially secured thereto, and beveledportions associated with the guard edge to center the blade.

7. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having a guard edge,means cooperable with a midportion of the blade for preliminarilylocating and partially securing the blade in approximate position uponthe seat, blade stops associated with the guard edge to limit theadvancement of the front blade edge over the guard edge, and meansengaging said beveled side edges toward the rear thereof for advancingthe blade along the seat after it has been preliminarily locatedthereon.

8. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having a guard edge,means cooperable with a midportion of the blade for preliminarilyloeating and partially securing the blade in approximate position uponthe seat, blade stops associated with the guard edge to limit theadvancement of the front blade edge over the guard edge, and meansengaging said beveled side edges toward the rear thereof for advancingthe blade along the seat after it has been preliminarily locatedthereon; said blade being symmetrical about an axis parallel to saidfront blade edge so as to render the blade reversible, and saidpreliminary locating means being so arranged and constructed as tofunction in predetermined manner even when the blade is reversed.

9. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having a guard edge,a pivotal cover for the seat, means associated with the seat andcooperable with a midportion of the blade for preliminarily locating andpartially securing the blade in approximate position upon the seat,means carried by the cover and cooperable with said beveled side edgeswhen the cover is closed for advancing the blade along the seat after ithas been preliminarily located thereon, and blade stops associated withthe guard edge and cooperable with said beveled side edges to limit theadvancement of the front blade edge over the guard edge and therebyassure proper predetermined positioning of said front blade edge.

10. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having a I guardedge, a pivotal cover for the seat, means associated with the seat andcooperable with a midportion of the blade for preliminarily locating andpartially securing the blade in approximate position upon the seat,means carried by the cover and cooperable with said beveled side edgeswhen the cover is closed for advancing the blade along the seat after ithas been preliminarily located thereon, and blade stops associated withthe guard edge and cooperable with said beveled side edges to limit theadvancement of the front blade edge over the guard edge and therebysecure proper predetermined positioning of said front blade edge; saidblade-advancing means comprising angularly disposed shoulders integrallyformed upon the interior of the cover.

11. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having a guard edge,a pivotal cover for the seat, means associated with the seat andcooperable with a midportion of the blade for preliminarily locating andpartially securing the blade in approximate position upon the seat,means carried by the cover and cooperable with said beveled side ed eswhen the cover is closed for advancing t e blade along the seat after ithas been preliminarily located thereon, and means associated with theguard edge and cooperable with said beveled side edges for centering theblade thereby assuring proper predetermined positionin of said frontblade edge; said preliminary locating means comprising a pin carried bythe seat and extendible through the blade.

12. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having a guard edge,a-pivotal cover for the seat, means associated with the seat andcooperable with a midportion of the blade for preliminarily locating andpartially securing the blade in approximate position upon the seat,means carried by the cover and cooperable with said beveled side edgeswhen the cover is closed for advancing the blade along the seat after ithas been preliminarily located thereon, and means associated with theguard edge and cooperable with said beveled side edges to center theblade and thereby assure proper predetermined positioning of said frontblade edge; and blade stops each comprising an abutment so shaped andpositioned as to cooperate with the extreme ends of the front bladeedge.

13. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising an unperforated blade seat, ablade cover having a portion adapted to overlie the seated blade and aportion beneath the plane of said seat, a handle engaging the latterportion, and angularly disposed shoulders carried by the cover andcooperable with the beveled side edges when the cover is closed toadvance the blade along said seat.

14:. In combination with a wafer type razor blade having beveled sideedges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat with a guard edge, ablade cover pivotally associated with the holder to the rear of andbeneath the plane of the seat, said cover being adapted to swingforwardly onto or rearwardly clear of the seat, said cover having anattaching lug arranged to swing beneath the rear edge of the seat whenthe cover is swung forwardly, and said cover being provided withshoulders which enga e said beveled side edges of the blade to a Vancethe latter over the guard edge when the cover is swung forwar ly.

15. In combination with a double-edged wafer type blade having beveledside edges, a razor blade holder comprising a blade seat having aforward guard edge, blade stops associated with the ard edge and shapedto cooperate with sai beveled side edges, and a blade cover pivotallyassociated with the holder to permit covering or uncovering of theblade, said cover being so formed as to enclose without contacting therear edge of the blade when it is moved to cover the latter, and saidcover being provided with shoulders which cooperate with said beveledside edges to advance the blade when the cover is so moved.

16. In a razor assembly, the combination with a blade seat having bladeengaging front stops and an undercut pin to the rear of said stops, of ablade applicable to the seat and provided with an aperture engageableover the pin, the pin bein undercut so as to permit movement of the laderelatively to the pin and adjustment of the blade over the seat againstsaid stops after en agement.

17. In combination with a double edged wafer type blade havingoppositely posi tioned-shaving edges and having its sides convergingoppositely in the direction of each shaving edge, and an aperturepositioned intermefdlate of the shaving edge, the beveled side edges,the cutting edge and the aperture all being symmetrically positionedrelatively to each other with reference to axes at right angles to eachother, a razor having a guard edge and front stops adapted to engage theactive shaving edge, and means for engaging the bevelled side edgesadjacent the inactive shaving edge for advancing the active shaving edgeagainst said front stops.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification.

MARCUS B. BEHRMAN.

